Organization: Definition, Purpose, Elements, and Characteristics

In terms of socializing, we must be very attached to the concept of organization. The term usually describes a vessel or means to achieve various goals for many people in their respective fields. 

Organizations are often found in schools such as OSIS, BEM on campus, to village-level organizations such as Karang Taruna, to international organizations such as the United Nations (UN) among the nations of the world, organizations are all around us.

Then what is an organization? Let's look at the reviews in the article below!

Definition of Organization

An organization is a container for a group of people who work together rationally and systematically, managed or controlled to achieve a certain goal by using the resources that exist in the group.

In the business world, on the other hand, an organization is a group of people working together to achieve a commercial goal with a well-defined structure and a well-defined work culture.

Here are some definitions of organization according to experts:

1. CH Northcott

An organization is an arrangement in which tasks are assigned to members so that they can effectively contribute to a clearer goal.

The purpose of an organization is to coordinate the activities of various individual members or groups working within the organization to achieve company goals.

2. Louis Allen

Organization is the process of identifying and categorizing the work to be done, assuming responsibility and authority, and building relationships that enable members of the organization to work together effectively to achieve their goals. Organization is a tool to achieve certain goals.

3. Koontz and O'Donnell

Organization is all about building authority relationships, determining coordination among members both vertically and horizontally in the corporate structure. The organization is the point of coordination between business people.

4. Spriegel

Organization refers to the relationship between the various elements that exist in a particular company. From the perspective of the whole company, the organization is the structural relationship between various elements within the company.

5. Wheeler

Organization is a structural task or responsibility carried out by each member of the organization. Organization is the process of defining the roles and responsibilities of people in a group or company so that the goals set can be achieved.

Organization goals

In the book Organizational Theory: Structure and Design, Dicky Wisnu UR writes that there are several reasons why designing organizational structure and culture is an important task. Organizational design plays an important role in many aspects. In short, there are several goals in organizations:

Get Competitive Benefits

Organizations consistently find organizational design to be a source of long-term competitive advantage. Competitive advantage stems from the ability and power to engage in manufacturing activities such as the production of goods and jobs.

Seeing Potential

As organizations set goals and create plans, they must develop new environments and technologies that offer opportunities or possibilities. For example, we need answers and new ideas from other members of the organization. Organizational structure and culture must be sensitive and receptive to these opportunities and possibilities.

Set Differences

Differences in race, gender, and ethnicity among organizational members have important implications for organizational cultural values ​​and organizational effectiveness. Differences in views must be explained by the form of analysis that occurs.

For example, an organization engaged in the service sector has a large job demand for a small number of workers who must make informed decisions. Organizations must be able to capitalize on diverse talent and develop cultural values ​​that encourage collaboration.

Increase Efficiency

Organizations exist to produce goods and services that society needs. The better the organization works, the higher the reputation of the goods and services it offers. Organizations need to produce quality work efficiency to compete with various countries.

Increasing Innovation

The ability of many companies in today's competitive era is a feature of continuous improvement in both innovation and production speed. For example, the organizational structure combines people with different specialties which can drive innovation.

Organizational Elements

Man (people)

In the life of an organization or institution the people in question are employees or staff. All employees or staff are members or citizens of an organization and, depending on their function and level. There are managers (administrators) as elements of the top leadership of the organization, managers leading work units according to their respective functions, and member employees. Together, they form the manpower of an organization.

Cooperation

Is an act of helping each other in achieving common goals to be achieved. This is human power (man power).

Common goals

Goals describe what you want to achieve or hope for. Goals are the end point of something to be done. Objectives also describe what needs to be achieved through established procedures, programs, patterns, policies, strategies, budgets and regulations.

Organizational Characteristics

Coordination

Coordination of various important activities in an organization. Coordination helps integrate and coordinate various activities. This adjustment also avoids job delays. Different functions within an organization are interdependent and influence one another.

Work Division

The organization will take over all tasks. Different activities are assigned to different members to reach the goal efficiently. However, this does not mean that members cannot perform multiple functions, and they need to specialize in different tasks to be more effective. Organization helps to divide work into activities assigned to different people.

The same purpose

All organizational structures are a means to achieve the same corporate goals. The organizational structure must be built around clear goals. This will help achieve good organization.

Cooperative Relations

A well-structured organization fosters collaboration among various members of the organization. An organization cannot start alone. At least two or more people are needed in it. Good organization helps build meaningful relationships.

Well Defined Liability Authority Relations

An organization consists of various positions arranged hierarchically with defined authority and responsibilities. Of course, large organizations always have a central authority. The level of job title in an organization determines the communication network and pattern of relationships.

Well, that's an explanation of the organization from the meaning, purpose, elements, and characteristics of the organization. So are you ready to join an organization in your neighborhood?